Role And Importance Of An Sm - 921 Words

Role and Importance of an SM Sustainability Management is a coordinated, strategic approach, led by a single individual who draws together all aspects of sustainability, energy management, social and ethical due diligence. The sustainability manager creates a green strategy for the whole company. This person will have the opportiunity to influence the entire organization in a very strategic way that will enable them to present a clear strategy for Top Shelf. Top Shelf has a history of unstability and it will fall within the relm of the sustainability manager to ensure risk is reduced and all the business goals are met in a timely and efficient manner. This role will provide guidelines to becoming more economically and environmentally responsible http://www.environmentalleader.com/2011/04/13/the-case-for-the-role-of-energy-and-sustainability-manager/#ixzz3JozBCw6R Sustainable Management Home Depot Home Depot has focused on saving an estimated average of 500,000 gallons of water per year. They switched to high-efficiency fluorescent lighting at lower wattage from 49 watts to the 44 watts in their stores. Home Depot uses local materials for construction of their new buildings. Their building signs are two stranded LED rather than fluorescent lighting which maximizes energy savings. Their parking lots have zones of planted areas of local, hardy plant species. The landscaping Home Depot uses is required to minimize maintenance and water useage. They reduced theShow MoreRelatedThe Reasons Why United Airlines1447 Words   |  6 Pages(UAL) decided to implement SMS, we need to go back and analyzed its system before it implemented SMS and also after it was implemented. To do so, we will use critical thinking which is a disciplined process that consists of applying, and evaluating data. According to the 2014 Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) record, before SMS was instituted at UAL, the recordable injury rate, the lost time injury, and the aircraft damage rate were very high. But with SMS, everything started goingRead MoreThe Four Pillars Of Sms1717 Words   |  7 PagesTitle: The Four Pillars of SMS When thinking of pillars you want to think of support and strength, something that will support a structure that is built up on it. Any structure needs support to be sound and viable for years to come, and that is exactly what the four Pillars of SMS does for the overall safety effort in any organization. The four pillars are built around the most important aspects to ensure the proper operation of any organization so that safety is the main concern of all. Read MoreOperator Implements Of Safety Management System1531 Words   |  7 Pagesoperators must establish and maintain an SMS â€Å"appropriate to the size and complexity of the operation† (Starke, Jason, 2012). The SMS also provides FAA a means of assessing an organization’s safety management capability. The main idea of an SMS is to incorporate control of risk into normal day-to-day business practices. Safety needs to be treated as a priority and it needs to be a core focus. The SMS is essentially management’s way of controlling risk, however, the SMS infuses all parts of the systemRead MoreScientific Management ( Sm ) And Human Relations1053 Words   |  5 PagesManagement (SM) and Human Relations (HR) are two contrasting approaches to managing people in an organisation. SM believes that an organ isation’s performance can be maximised by applying scientific principles to management. However, HR believes that the best way to maximise an organisation’s productivity is to respect workers and value their needs. With that being said, both approaches have different beliefs and assumptions about workers in an organisation. Frederick W. Taylor, the ‘father’ of SM, assumedRead MoreMedia s Impact On Media Consumption Essay1729 Words   |  7 Pagesbiggest drivers is the importance that females place on the perfect images viewed on SM. (XXX) To this day, there is a a large amount of literature on mass media effects on body image concerns of young adult women around the world., there has been relatively little research on processes and effects of social media on females (18-25) body image and self-perceptions. Given the heavy online presence of this category, and their reliance on SM, it is important to appreciate ways that SM can influence perceptionsRead MoreTransaction Code And Sap R / 3 System Essay1378 Words   |  6 Pagesdatabase (ERP Great 2016). To perform a security audit using SM 19, one would require to check whether the transaction code SM 19 is configured appropriately with the audit profile activated (Tcode Search 2016a). The second step would be to gather the history of users’ access. This history will tell the auditor of the location and content accessed by individual users. The second step is to carry out analysis of the log in and log out details. SM 19 provides a detailed log on the log in and log out detailsRead MoreAir Safety Essay1056 Words   |  5 Pagesinclude aircraft fullers, caterers, baggage-handlers and other aviation ground-handling companies. SMSs are of key importance because they work in four ways to handle aviation safety and its development. Now, they establish organisational structures by which aviation organisations can establish safety policies and responsibility – including creating normal safety management-oversight roles and hiring educated, experienced personnel to fill them. Second, SMSs formalise the management of safety risks byRead MoreThe Impact Of Digital Technology On Consumer Electronics, Advertising And Notification System1443 Words   |  6 Pagesconsumer electronics, advertising and notification system has greater importance. Earlier systems had the drawback that the notice board or systems that were to display notice has been done manually. The idea proposed to this project is that using GSM technology so that the updates could be made with mobile and check for the authority in the system. So updates to these notice boards could be made through a simple SMS. The importance of notice in academic is well known to us but this system could beRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effect On Social Interaction1476 Words   |  6 PagesAs the most socially developed species, social media (SM) is a construct of our already pre-existing social drive; the need to connect with others as well as maintain how others perceive us. Social media is defined as formate d online communities where individuals create virtual identities and are able to send messages, share photos and videos, organize social events, and exchange information. The 21st century saw an increased access to the internet through the birth of the smartphone and the globalRead MoreSafety Management Systems ( Sms )1784 Words   |  8 PagesSafety Management Systems (SMS) have been presented as the future state of commercial aviation. The objective of this capstone is to have a better understanding of the SMS role in aviation. At United Airlines for example, SMS Corrective Action is used as a reporting tool during the performance of the safety risk management. SMS is characterized by four key elements also known as the four pillars (icao.int). They are, safety risk management, safety policy, safety assurance and safety promotion. Those

Drug Abuse Treatment - 1097 Words

major contributor to both substance use and the transition from use to abuse (Institute of Medicine, 1996, p.125). Instrumentation A wide variety of evidence based instruments that are available for the diagnosis and screening of individuals potentially or currently engaged in substance use or recovery from substance use disorders. Pre-screen instruments include NIDA Drug Use Screening Tool; quick screen, CRAFFT Part A, AUDIT-C, and the Opioid Risk Tool. Full-screen instruments include the NIDA Drug Use Screening Tool. All of these instruments listed are recommended by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) because of their ease of use, reliability, and validity (National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2015). These instruments can aid in†¦show more content†¦Therefore, the need for treatments that are effective at reducing these problems are critical for the recovery of adolescents suffering from substance use disorders. Cognitive behavioral therapy, as previously stated, can be an effective treatment, as long as the adolescents complete the required amount of treatments as prescribed by those caring for the adolescents. Cognitive behavioral therapy. Regardless of inpatient or outpatient setting, cognitive behavioral therapy has proven to be one of the most effective treatments for a variety of issues affecting adolescents, including substance use disorders (Riley, Rieckmann, McCarty, 2008, p.304). Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), was developed by Aaron Beck in the 1960s and focuses on the way people think and act in order to help them with emotional and behavioral problems (Branch, Willson, 2010, p.9). In theory, CBT, and the cognitive model, proposes that the common thread among all psychological disturbances is dysfunctional thinking. When individuals can learn to evaluate how they think and why they think the way they do, they can begin to adapt those thought patterns to becomeShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Drug Abuse On American Substance Abuse Treatment Agencies856 Words   |  4 Pagestopic regarding drugs referred to as, Acceptability and Availability of Harm-Reduction Interventions for D rug Abuse in American Substance Abuse Treatment Agencies, by Harold Rosenberg and Kristina T. Phillips. The study took place at Bowling Green State University and its method was conducted as a survey. Harold Rosenberg and Kristina T. Philips developed this study to determine the acceptability and availability for several types of interventions at multiple substance abuse treatment agencies acrossRead MoreTreatment Of Drug Use And Drug Abuse Essay2194 Words   |  9 PagesNational Institute on Drug Abuse (2012), the intention of drug addiction treatment is to help addicted individuals stop compulsive drug use and drug-seeking behavior (p. 8). Substance use is a timeless practice of cultures around the world and can be found in religious ceremonies, celebratory engagements, and family gatherings. Substance abuse and addiction has also been lurking in the shadows of history and has morphed into what some are calling an epidemic today. Treatment for addiction is a necessaryRead MoreThe Evolution Of Treatment For Drug Abuse Essay2361 Words   |  10 Pages The Evolution of Treatment for Drug Abuse Since 1900 Early drug abuse treatment The use of heroin and morphine grew like wildfire after the successive extraction of morphine from the opium poppy around 200 years ago in Germany. The drug was the main painkiller and an excellent treatment for injuries. Bayer introduced heroin later 1874 and started distributing it commercially in 1898 (Courtwright Joseph, 1989). Heroin came from morphine extracts and was up to two times stronger than morphineRead MoreThe And Drug Abuse Treatment At The Summer Of 2007937 Words   |  4 PagesFamous celebrity Lindsay Lohan was admitted to Malibu’s Promises Alcohol and Drug Abuse Treatment Facility in the summer of 2007. When people hear about celebrities and their admittance to alcohol treatment facilities, people often wonder how the celebrity ended up in this position. Well in Lindsay Lohan’s case, her father was incarcerated for driving under the influence of alcohol. With this knowledge, it is easy to see how Lindsay would follow in the alcoholic footsteps of her father. To furtherRead MoreDrug And Alcohol Abuse Treatment Programs2241 Words   |  9 Pagesthe criteria for a substance use disorder (SUD) at some point across their lifespan (Statistics Canada, 2012). In addition, three-quarters of all women in drug and alcohol abuse treatment programs report being sexually abused (Najavits, Weiss Shaw, 1997), and about one-quarter of the men (Ouimette, Kimerling, Shaw Moos, 2000). Childhood abuse has been shown to be a significant risk factor in adolescent and adult substance use, and this relationship tends to be more substantial in women as apposedRead MoreA Brief Note On Drug Abuse Treatment For Nonviolent Addicts967 Words   |  4 Pagesconcerning this health priority. Replacing Prison Terms with Drug Abuse Treatment for nonviolent addicts Historically, those of a drug or substance abuse are thought of as criminals and given prison terms for their addiction. With the current Heroin epidemic, our prisons are filling-up, costing taxpayers approximately $30,000 a year, per prisoner (msnbc). In particular, Licking County has seen a 47% increase from 2014, in the number of drug overdoses (Bruner, 2016). With such statistics, I find thatRead MorePrescription Drug Abuse And The Treatment Of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd )2134 Words   |  9 PagesPrescription drug abuse has been around since doctors started prescribing medication, but widespread prescription drug abuse and addiction has only surfaced in the last 20 years or so. Unfortunately because these drugs are continued to be abuse widely, there are concerns for physicians who are legitimately prescribing these medications to patients who truly need them. However there are doctors who recklessly prescribe these drugs to unknowing patients who form a ddictions to them. PrescriptionRead MoreIllegal Substance Abuse And Addiction1196 Words   |  5 PagesIllegal substance abuse and addiction can have far-reaching negative impacts that affect not only the people who abuse drugs but also their friends, family members, the community, and government resources. Substance abuse can lead to domestic violence, child abuse, suicide, crime, automobile accidents, sexually transmitted diseases, HIV/AIDS, and unwanted pregnancy. A particular area of concern of drug use and abuse is the impact of methamphetamine (meth) labs on public safety and the environmentRead MoreIs There Anybody Out There?. Maia Szalavitz, Author Of1484 Words   |  6 Pagesabout our finger-pointing mentality on drug abuse, â€Å"Addiction is one of the most serious health problems we face today, and as of 2010, more than 23 million people have an addiction to drugs, and according to the National Institutes of Health, these addictions contribute to more than 100,000 deaths per year.† Drug abuse is a major problem in the United States and throughout the world as more and more people become addicted every day. When you hear the words drug addict you think of desensitizing termsRead MoreSubstance Abuse967 Words   |  4 PagesSubstance abuse, also known as drug abuse, is a patterned use of a substance (drug) in which the user consumes the substance in amounts or with methods neither approved nor supervised by medical professionals. Substance abuse/drug abuse is not limited to mood-altering or psycho-active drugs. If an activity is performed using the objects against the rules and policies of the matter (as in steroids for performance enhancement in sports), it is also called substance abuse. Therefore, mood-altering

Professional Roles and Values Free Essays

string(59) " It is important that the nurse supervisor try to help Ms\." Professional Roles Running head: Professional Roles and Values 1 Professional Roles and Values Jennifer Kelso, RN Western Governor’s University Professional Roles 2 Professional Roles and Values The nurse supervisor has the responsibility of coaching all of her staff members in the importance of utilizing her team members to provide the most holistic care for patients. As a nurse supervisor it is important to recognize when a team member is struggling with this concept and to provide the proper leadership and mentoring so that the most best possible patient outcomes can be consistently realized. The nurse supervisor must provider leadership and confidence to try to guide her staff in utilizing available resources to achieve the goal of optimal patient care and outcomes. We will write a custom essay sample on Professional Roles and Values or any similar topic only for you Order Now Promoting Interdisciplinary Care To promote interdisciplinary care the nurse supervisor must find a way to engage her staff in the concepts of team building and how to utilize each member of the healthcare team and the unique contributions that they bring to patient care. One effective way that I have experienced this personally is with team building exercises. In the clinic where I work as a registered nurse we have weekly team building exercises. These exercises provide a regular opportunity to further get to know one’s co-workers outside of the daily rigors of patient care. At my current job I have participated in races, games and scavenger hunts, among other activities. These activities bring an element of fun and stress relief to what might otherwise be another mundane meeting, while at the same time promoting team cohesiveness and friendship. I would recommend that the nurse supervisor provide time in the weekly or monthly schedule for her healthcare teams to meet together to discuss and participate in team building exercises. Setting aside time for all of the staff in the clinic to meet come together and engage in team building activities will help improve cohesion of the staff, improve communication and help to build comradery. Professional Roles Another technique that the nurse supervisor can use to promote the advantages of interdisciplinary care is to discuss with and demonstrate to her staff how team based healthcare achieves better patient outcomes. The nurse supervisor can present case studies during team meetings and ask staff to problem solve how different members of the team can be utilized to address the patients’ needs. These types of exercises can be used to remind staff of the resources that are available to them in the clinic. All the members of the team, from the nutritionist to the 3 social worker, bring their talents and strengths to the table. Being able to help staff recognize the value in utilizing their fellow team members and to appreciate what those team members offer in the way of enhancing patient care is vitally important. Another approach to try in engaging Ms. W in interdislipnary care is to spend some time mentoring her. The nurse supervisor can set aside time dedicated to coaching Ms. W regarding the benefits of a team-based approach to patient care and how to implement this concept in her own practice. Some of the benefits of interdisciplinary care include improved patient health outcomes and overall patient satisfaction in the quality of the healthcare received (Mitchell, Hall Gaines, 2012). One way she could mentor Ms. W is to shadow her in some of her appointments and provide support and guidance to her as she learns how to utilize the resources available at the clinic. The nurse supervisor could also involve Ms. W’s colleagues by having her shadow another provider and observe a few appointments where the provider utilizes the other team members and to provide concrete examples of how this practice benefits the patient. It is important that the nurse supervisor address these issues with Ms. W in a caring and supportive fashion with the intention of improving the quality of healthcare and continuity of care that each patient receives. Professional Roles Delegation and Teamwork To promote delegation and teamwork within the clinic, the nurse supervisor must ensure 4 hat her staff recognizes how vitally important these are to the patient care that they provide. The nurse supervisor needs to promote these practices in the functioning of the clinic every day. Weekly staff meetings are a place where everyone can come together and discuss what did and did not work well in the clinic for that particular week. This is one way to increase communication between staff members. Fostering open commun ication and providing an environment where everyone’s voice can be heard is very important during these meetings and could be considered one of the major responsibilities of the nurse supervisor. When employees can begin to appreciate the benefits of an interdisciplinary approach and can recognize the potential of such an approach for improving patient outcomes then it will be natural that they would want to continue using this approach. A nurse supervisor must be present to answer staff questions and to help guide them in this process while taking advantage of opportunities to help staff recognize that the interdisciplinary approach is improving patient care. When the nurse supervisor approaches Ms. W regarding delegation and team work, it is important that she utilizes the concepts mentioned above. The nurse supervisor can begin the conversation by recognizing and affirming the difficulties that Ms. W must be having with trying to provide healthcare for Ms. R, who presents with many barriers to care. Inquire of Ms. W what she sees as the barriers that Ms. R has to being compliant with her plan of care. Problem solve with Ms. W in a supportive and open-minded manner regarding various resources the clinic has available to help this patient. Arrange to have a clinic meeting with the other members of the staff and discuss Ms. R’s circumstances and have each team member discuss what they bring to the table to help this patient. It is important that the nurse supervisor try to help Ms. W Professional Roles understand that there is support available to help her care for Ms. R and that acknowledging and utilizing the other team members in the clinic will not only help lessen the load on Ms. W, but will also provide more comprehensive care to Ms. R. Responsibility Ms. W has a responsibility to understand that when she delegates tasks to other staff in the clinic that she is doing so appropriately and safely. When Ms. W delegates any form of the patient’s care it is important that Ms. W recognize that she is legally responsible to ensure that the person that she delegated the task to is competent. Ms. W must make sure that she is delegating the right task, under the right circumstances, to the right person under the right directions with the right supervision (Anthony Vidal, 2010). It is important that Ms. W consider the financial implications of delegation and whether she is being a good steward of clinic resources (Weydt, 2010). A nurse needs to be aware of the cost of services and supplies and to always strive to not be wasteful with healthcare resources. One way a nurse does this is through delegating work to a qualified staff member who can safely do the task and still achieve desired patient outcomes (Weydt, 2010). It is very important to recognize that there are limited healthcare resources and the nurse must be able to efficiently coordinate patient care in an effective and responsible way that maximizes patient outcomes (Weydt, 2010). Trust and open communication are the landmarks of all good relationships and it is no different in a professional relationship. Open communication and trust are vitally important for Ms. W and the staff to have to be able to work effectively as a team. The nurse and the 5 supporting staff must work together and have respect for and trust in each other and what unique contributions that they bring to the patient’s care. Professional Roles To properly delegate the right task to the appropriate supportive staff, Ms. W must consider if the person that she is delegating to is qualified and has the appropriate skill set to perform the task. It is important that Ms. W consider whether the task requires any nursing judgment, assessment, or licensure to be safely carried out, as these kinds of tasks cannot be 6 delegated to supportive staff (Weydt, 2010). Ms. W must be able to trust and have confidence in the skills of the supportive staff (Weydt, 2010). Different resources that Ms. W can use in the clinic to help with the delegation process is to ask to see the job descriptions of supportive staff to see if the task she is asking the staff member to perform fits in the job description. She can also accompany the support staff when they are helping patients to ensure that she is comfortable with their skills. She can also look up her nurse practice act of her state and review the legal and ethical implications of delegation to ensure she is upholding the standards. Ms. W must ensure that the care she is delegating to another team member is under the right circumstances. It is imperative that Ms. W consider the current circumstances that the patient is in. Ms. W must assess the patient’s current health situation and then decide if it is safe, appropriate, a good use of clinic resources and in the patient’s best interest to delegate a task to a supportive staff (Weydt, 2010). To delegate to the right person Mrs. W must consider the qualifications of the supportive staff that she is delegating to. Points that Ms. W must consider include the job description, experience, years of practice and competency of supportive staff (Weydt, 2010). If the supportive staff is inexperienced or has not proven that he or she can safely perform the assigned task then Ms. W should not delegate as it would not be safe. When Ms. W does deem that the task that she would like the supportive staff to do is safe she must also provide adequate supervision. Ms. W must be available and accessible to support staff that she delegates to in case there are any issues that may come up (Weydt, 2010). Ms. W must continue Professional Roles to assess the patient’s response to care provided by supportive staff and be prepared to intervene appropriately if needed. Ms. W must consider and implement the principles mentioned above if she is to delegate patient care to supportive staff in a safe, effective and appropriate manner. Referrals. Ms. W needs to also take into account the above principles when making referrals to other health care providers. When making referrals, Ms. W must ensure that she is referring to a provider that has the skills and appropriate experience to care for Ms. R’s needs (Maji, 2009). Ms. W will need to consider what care that the patient needs from the referral to another health care provider and then monitor Ms. W’s response to the treatment. It is Ms. W’s responsibility to ensure that she is following Ms. R closely and to ensure that she is benefiting 7 medically from being referred outside of clinic (Maji, 2009). It is Ms. W’s ultimate responsibility to provide safe and competent care to the patient and delegating or making referrals is never something to be taken lightly; it must be done in a safe and effective manner. Resources. As a nursing supervisor it is imperative to support providers and staff with learning resources that are available to find out more information that will aid them in their jobs. Ms. W would benefit from going to her state board of nursing to find out more information regarding delegation. Another readily-available resource is the American Nursing Association’s website, which contains articles regarding delegation and how to implement it into her practice. Every state also has a Nurse Practice Act and Ms. W should be very familiar with and quite capable of following the standards put forth by this act. Delegation opportunities. In the assigned case study there were many support staff that Ms. W could utilize to provide optimal patient care. Ms. R has many barriers to care that make it more difficult for her to be compliant with her plan of care. Ms. R is a Latina and would benefit greatly from having someone communicate with her who is familiar with her culture. It would Professional Roles 8 benefit Ms. R to work with the Latina social worker on staff at the clinic to help this patient with transportation issues and also to help find additional resources in the community that could help this patient once the baby is born. As the patient is not responding when Ms. W is speaking with her, it must be considered that this patient does not understand English very well and possibly cannot read English. As the patient is developmentally delayed it may be more difficult for this patient to have a full understanding of her plan of care and be able to follow her provider’s recommendations. Again, Ms. W would be wise in utilizing the Latina social worker who can speak Spanish and also write detailed instructions in Spanish. In order to help this patient prepare for labor, delivery and postpartum care, Ms. W can have the LVN on staff with training in labor and delivery, prenatal care, parenting and infant care to aid this patient in preparing for the birth and infant care of her baby. In providing continued care and support for this patient, the nurse who specializes in community health nursing would be ideal to work with this patient in ensuring that she is taking advantage of any community resources that are available to help this patient and her newborn infant. It would be important to ensure this patient has an understanding of how to properly care for herself and her baby since she is developmentally delayed. Utilizing all support staff and the different services that they offer can ensure that this patient is receiving culturally appropriate, comprehensive, and excellent interdisciplinary care. Professional Roles References Anthony, M. , Vidal, K. (2010). Mindful communication: a novel approach to improving delegation and improve patient care. The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 20(2), Retrieved from 9 http://www. ursingworld. org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJI N/TableofContents/Vol152010/No2May2010/Mindful-Communication-andDelegation. html Maji, A. (2009, June 30). Referrals, consultations collaboration in nursing care. Retrieved from http://voices. yahoo. com/referrals-consultations-collaboration-nursing-care3665053. html? cat=4 Mitchell, P. , Hall, L. , Gaines, M. (2012). A social compact for advancing te am based highvalue healthcare. Health Affairs Blog, Retrieved from http://healthaffairs. org/blog/2012/05/04/a-social-compact-for-advancing-team- How to cite Professional Roles and Values, Essay examples

Exploring Organization Change Management †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Exploring Organization Change Management. Answer: Introduction In todays scenario, it is very common for having the system Failure in the organisation. It is been known that the IT is been fully aligned to all the business strategies and the key role is to identify the risks and to prevent from the threats occurred. The IT governance covers the whole scenario and highlights the current corporate failures. The IT governance covers the main principles of the organisation, policies, procedures etc. It mainly focuses on resolving the issues regarding to the system failures of the organisation. The main objectives includes optimising of the resources used in an organisation, business performance implementing through IT strategies, goals etc. IT mainly aims to empower and deliver the strategic business value so as to avoid the risks and the failures being affected in an organisation. In todays world it is essential to have the quick responses in the business market, globalisation of the products and services being provided and the cost of an organisat ion or enterprise that have the strategies to implement the business initiatives and to meet the challenges so as to avoid the risks. (Barker and Frolick, 2003). ERP technology is used for allowing the company for increasing in the productivity for the business functions. ERP is highly complex and is difficult to implement and most of the time ERP requires the long process for implementing the operations on time and accessibility to the significant resources. Regarding to the ERP technologies many company have accessed to the ERP technology and its applications for the business operations and other companies have faced the implementation failure using the ERP (Decker et al., 2012). The organisations mainly focus on having the dynamic interaction between the implementation factors being made using the ERP applications. The ideas involved in the system failures associated with the ERP are in different forms regarding to an inappropriate functioning of the system and trying of the implementation process. In the bitter case scenario of an ERP system the main thing has affected the most is the software customer a failed implementation. Most of the ERP softwares has been ended up because of the failed services. Moreover the failures generally implies on a slowdown of production and services running expressively over budget, hugely changing to the budget to go live date and making to the desired return on the investment. It is essential to focus on the failures of the ERP system failures. It is essential for every organisation to focus on the ERP system failures. It is necessary to look after the causes of ERP failure. The four common reasons for the ERP system Failure is: Sacrificing business speed and cost implementation- Every organisation focus on the cost and speed of ERP implementation, the two important factors should be focusing on the not more important. These are the important two factors but not more than the functionality of the system within the organisation. Lacking in Executive Involvement- The management team should be involved within the every step of implementation. It tends to help in to know the importance of the events and the latest updates of the organisation. It is necessary for every organisation to know about the technical aspects and the opportunity in the work, realize the importance and the amount of the time for performing the operations and resources used for the main purpose for processing the business operations. Therefore, management is the core field for all the employees for working on the ERP software in the first place. Unrealistic Expectations- ERP sellers say that the ERP solutions can be implemented very fast at a very low cost. Basically the average implementation takes around 14 months for an organisation but sellers say that it takes around 7 months to complete the tasks. For the unrealistic time expectations, generally the time can delay in the extra costs and the resources for implementing the operations. Training on the new system- It is ultimately the useless without ensuring about the key resources which is to be used by the users but without seeking any training on the resources. The organisation generally rely on the ERP sellers for giving the training options to have the ease in the process by training all the employees of the organisation or to train the few employees so that the knowledgeable ones can train thefreshers. Correspondence Failure- This type of failure describe regarding when the design objectives and its ideas are not met when the organisation has been in the development mode. It generally requires the information system will reject an information system if the design is not properly implemented and if the design is not clearly brief they set out has not been met (Hawari and Heeks, 2010). Process Failure- This type of failure appear on the basis of the occurrence of an information system which is not been delivered in the given time or to the specific duration is been assigned or the costs is very high according to the amount being budgeted for this project. Expectation Failure- This type of failure is being derived as the failure views as the information system failed and the systems which got failed meeting the participant requirements and expectation or the values. The failure is generally being alleged as the major differences have been occurred between the actual and desired situation for getting into the particular group for the participation. Interaction Failure- This type of failure refers to the end users and the usability of the information system. The main system is been accessible by the users or not. It is not been the implementation made through the success and is it worth and the company investment being made. It arise the queries regarding to if the system is not being used and would not be classified as an interaction failure (Jones et al., 2005). Critical factors of failures of ERP (Enterprise resource planning) ERP is basically a system which is built to plan and manage the resource of an entire organization in a very efficient way in a productive manner which produces profit. It is a synchronized configuration of software which connects the whole business in a single place at a fingertip of a user who controls the business. It saves paperwork and resources by creating and collecting accurate data from business environment. In this efficient system some failures occur which will be discussed below these failures factors are assessed are based on information based on information provided by participants and compiled from the documents containing ERP implementation which includes all information such as project plans ,meeting schedules as well as email communications and so on. There are some critical failures listed below: Not effective transfer of knowledge: In ERP systems as we all know communication is most important factor if knowledge or information is not correctly transferred to the system this system wouldnt show the desired results and produce errors between incoming and outgoing resources from organization. This happens when some poorly trained and inexperienced consultants are associated with ERP design and they cant deliver professional training to the users there training material and user documentation is meaningless to the users. This happens to the ineffective transfer of knowledge, which leads to not so sufficient skills to use for project manager and project team members. Less Efficient IT Infrastructure: In business IT infrastructure security and reliability are 2 most important factors and an ERP system is a part of it .so it must be well built to process the knowledge and update it every time the new resources added or less from the management as well as this system make sure that this information is secure and accessed only by authorized personnels. This also happens when management are having financial issues in developing ERP systems and due to low budget, low performance infrastructure hardware is proposed by consultants and project manager. This leads to slow processing of ERP systems due to less cost and substandard hardware which is more economic, less efficient and affects the productivity of company in negative ways. Poor project management effectiveness: During ERP implementation ,due to limited ERP knowledge or having poor management skills some non-effective management of ERP is done .This leads to failure of ERP implementation because there is failure in plan, manage and maybe in leading of the project .An ERP system is complex and it is necessary for project teams to collaborate with top management ,consulting each and every department ,all kinds of users which will use this system along with some experienced consultants helps during implementation process. These projects are challenging and demanding because it involves all tedious work of managing processes. This work requires human resources which is skilled and trained in all purposes to attain less error in management of ERP. All activities of different levels of ERP implementation could not be conducted together that is testing of system and its configuration after implementation of ERP. Some users would not understand easily the proce ss of new implementation due to their over-tight schedules which leads to poor adaptation of business processes. For healthy management the project manager can conduct the performance alliance based on communication, training and skills of every individual and help them to evaluate. Poor quality of BPR (Business process Re-engineering): For resolving problems associated with business process mismatching BPR is conducted. This Business process Re-engineering is conducted for correcting system configuration problems created misleading elements by project team members .Its a matter of fact that the business processes are not ready reengineered to fit with ERP systems, as well as project teams are also not ready for adaptation of new business processes .BPR allows project team to understand that how ERP system according to business processes and plans. This leads to better adaptation to every new business process and system usage of ERP process. So before implementation some analyses are conducted to evaluate the software functionalities for business requirement. If the analysis would be made on conducting the poor implementation in ERP, mainly leads to misbalance in business process. BPR is a very divine process of feedbacks within the organization to develop bette r ERP systems which leads to help in growth of company (Aladwani, 2001). Classification of 4 most critical failure factors in ERP Implementation of ERP is not so easy ,most of the organisations that accomplished this will give many benefits to their users and workers as well .This improves productivity off business of both large and small scales will implement ERP systems to attain an good position by developing business processes and by developing efficient communication. When an errorless ERP system is developed it successfully provide advantages to companies. But to build an accurate ERP system these failures are elements which would be eliminated, are as follows: Knowledge transfer in ERP: This is most common failure of ERP systems, a common ERP system must having a good communication network where all data and knowledge flows easily but in a secure manner. This knowledge must be anything such as stock prices, resource management, employee working in company and money flowing as capital along with all the transactions performed by the company in a specific period of time is updated securely in ERP systems. On technological level, the qualities of servers and network used in ERP system of large scale industry must be efficient to update and secure all the information which is kept on ERP servers. On cultural level, all users of this system will update the knowledge on real time basis in ERP for better monitoring of all commercial activities of their company. (Imran et al., 2016). Efficient IT Infrastructure: An ERP is designed in such a way so that it can initially handles all resources and transactions of the company .On managerial basis ,it should designed in a way so that it must be both secure and reliable system that should update itself or manually both but in both ways it works perfectly . on technological basis, it must be secure and automated in a way so that if it may update in improper manner it corrects itself by learning from old ERP models .on cultural basis, some trained and skilled employees are required to build the efficient ERP for the company which will further update itself according to needs (Palaniswamy and Frank, 2002). Project effectiveness: During implementation of ERP, the poor management skills of the team leader of project leads to poor project effectiveness of ERP after implementation .So it is necessary during ERP implementation and planning is done by skilled and trained employees and most of them having the experience in business strategies .On managerial basis ,project effectiveness depends on works of employees that how they design the billing system, the resource log and IT infrastructure of ERP. On technological basis, ERP implementation is done after consulting the IT employees so that they can ensure the reliability and security of ERP .On Cultural basis, ERP implementation project is a matter of teamwork where if each individual makes their effort in building the better, reliable and secure ERP. Improvement in quality of BPR (Business Process Re-engineering): Improvement in quality of ERP requires BPR (business process re-engineering) where all problems are resolved regarding business process mismatching. These problems are generally created by company fellows itself due to which failures occur in business. To overcome this BPR is conducted in ERP time to time for identifying the problems. On managerial basis, company and its employees are always ready to join new business plans concluded during BPR .On technological basis, BPR is conducted in a proper way to resolve problems of EPR effectively .On cultural basis, all employees show their interest in adapting new ways of business strategies that how business plans and processes in a motivated way (Robinson, 2002). Two major lessons that can be learned by analysing the ERP failure at the case company can be viewed according to the major perspectives i.e. Planning and Implementation. The major lesson which is being learned from the ERP failure i.e. FoxMeyer Case as it is the largest drug wholesaler with the annual sales approximately 5 million $. The basic principle of the company is to deal in the healthcare services. It was not a failure of automation according to the FoxMeyer but it was the failure occurred from the management side. And management has the unrealistic expectations. And to overcome from this failure the analysis was made on the market research and product evaluation which was implemented by the FoxMeyer. And then he purchased the warehouse automaton from the vendor and chose a consultant for integrating and implementing the systems in the proper form. The major lessons which were made on the software selection for the high level technical and operational expertise, contingency plan for how to survive in case of system failure and the stakeholders involvement which majorly include the end users and the customers. The second case was made on the ERP implementation failure on the Hershey Company. As it is the largest chocolate manufacture in the North America. Its sales are roughly around 80% chocolates and 20% non-chocolate. Hershey selected SAPs R/3 ERP software and used other softwares for managing the integration. And they chose to Big Bang Approach rather than the Phased Approach. The Failure arises on the order fulfilment, processing and shipment started to arise. And they were unable to meet the its commitment regarding to the delivery and hence they just lost their credibility in the market as the distributors who ordered the product was not able to deliver the supply to the retailers. Hershey implemented was on the ERP software on the time cost of the company around 150 $ US million in sales. The main reasons of failure were arise due to over squeezing implementation schedules, wrong approach, customer activities etc. The Learning outcomes from the failure were made on the proper ERP i mplementation that should not force on the unreasonable timeline. To not have the fixed schedule on cutover during busy seasons, for this the organisation must reduce the orders in the cutover period. The ERP software can be rollout for a company form the single implementation failed process. The ERP implementation should efficiently integrated with the both internal and external information management covering towards the organisational and implementation of the ERP failure that have occurred recently. The basic impact that intends on the implementation failure of the ERP system in the Company No Specified Destination- It is been clearly specified with the clear expectations is that the organisation must take the appropriate decision for implementing to the new ERP system. It mainly focus on the initial step focusing on the main objectives and then to its success. Other problem deals with the lacking in the consequences on the problems being arise and solved for the desired outcome or for the specific task which was been made regarding the financial justification of the projects leading in the challenges and controlling the scope and maintaining the executive support. It basically define that the business which is important for the processing to all the business activities, its financial decisions and the deadlines are being made for moving up the target to reach to the success (Roy and Sangle, 2016). Customization- It ensures to make the major aspects on breaking of an ERP tools. In todays scenario most of the company have starting using and have customizing the ERP systems which add risks, time and cost dealing with the projects. It is the main impact which is being caused in the implementation of the risk failure because the interfaces, data conversions are the major areas which has a greater impact of the threat being caused and the technical risks in ERP implementations. Despite of the risks and the expenses being made in the ERP most of the companies are unable to control the project and have the scope of turning down to the customizations. It always begins from the initial part but technically it grown onto the larger scale (Teltumbde, 2000). Conclusion According to the organisational requirements of the system failure generally occurs due to organisational database is not well maintained on the basis of the identification of the threats or the failure causes is due to the failing of the techniques or because of untrained teaching and the operations performed are not properly done and the root causes for resolving the failures it is essential that the personnels should be well trained and expertise in performing the operations and implementing the ERP using the ERP softwares of an organisation that should have the continue process in the business operations and the strategies being design and planned according to the proper implementation of the ERP technologies. It basically provides the systematic approach for converging the failure causes and implementing the effective actions for the appropriate usability of the tools and technologies focusing on the operations being performed to the organisational behaviour. References Aladwani, A.M., 2001. Change management strategies for successful ERP implementation.Business Process management journal,7(3), pp.266-275. Barker, T. and Frolick, M.N., 2003. ERP implementation failure: A case study.Information Systems Management,20(4), pp.43-49. Decker, P., Durand, R., Mayfield, C.O., McCormack, C., Skinner, D. and Perdue, G., 2012. Predicting implementation failure in organization change.Journal of Organizational Culture, Communications and Conflict,16(2), p.29. Hawari, A.A. and Heeks, R., 2010. Explaining ERP failure in a developing country: a Jordanian case study.Journal of Enterprise Information Management,23(2), pp.135-160. Imran, M.K., Imran, M.K., Rehman, C.A., Rehman, C.A., Aslam, U., Aslam, U., Bilal, A.R. and Bilal, A.R., 2016. Whats organization knowledge management strategy for successful change implementation?. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 29(7), pp.1097-1117. Jones, R.A., Jimmieson, N.L. and Griffiths, A., 2005. The impact of organizational culture and reshaping capabilities on change implementation success: The mediating role of readiness for change.Journal of Management Studies,42(2), pp.361-386. Palaniswamy, R. and Frank, T.G., 2002. Oracle ERP and network computing architecture: implementation and performance.Information Systems Management,19(2), pp.53-69. Robinson, P., 2002. ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) Survival Guide. online at BPIC, The Manufacturing Planning Resource, available at https://www. bpic. co. uk/erp. htm, accessed June, 16. Roy, S. and Sangle, P.S., 2016. Exploring Organization Change Management Techniques for Successful ERP Implementation.Journal of Management Research and Analysis,3(3), pp.136-144. Teltumbde, A., 2000. A framework for evaluating ERP projects.International journal of production research,38(17), pp.4507-4520.